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[PAST EVENT] Ethan Brewer, Applied Science- Ph.D. Dissertation Defense

July 22, 2022
10am - 11am
Location
Integrated Science Center (ISC), Room 0280
540 Landrum Dr
Williamsburg, VA 23185Map this location
Access & Features
  • Open to the public
Ethan Brewer
Ethan Brewer

Title: Deep Learning from Space: Methods & Applications in High-Resolution Satellite Imagery Analysis

Abstract: Satellite imagery analysis using deep learning methods, specifically convolutional neural networks (CNNs), has grown in popularity since 2012, with uses extending into the estimation of population, wealth, poverty, conflict, land use classification, education, and infrastructure, among other applications. This dissertation contributes to this body of literature in three parts. First, I explore the use of deep learning to overcome the sparsity, or complete lack, of accurate information regarding existing road infrastructure across much of the world. Using a novel labeled dataset generated by a custom-coded Android application, I show that a transfer learning approach can estimate road quality based on high-resolution satellite imagery with an accuracy of up to 80%. In the second chapter, I illustrate the vulnerability of this and related models to cyber intrusions (data poisoning) and propose a new technique to mitigate these vulnerabilities. The third chapter applies the lessons learned to propose a novel model architecture for spatiotemporal monitoring of industrial sites in inaccessible regions around the world, integrating high-resolution satellite imagery, a segmentation algorithm, and a pretrained CNN-LSTM (long short-term memory) framework to automatically detect and monitor individual industrial sites within the People's Republic of China. These three chapters advance our understanding of many of the challenges unique to computer vision in the context of satellite data and provide some guidance on fruitful future directions.

Bio: Ethan Brewer will be a Research Assistant Professor in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at New York University. Ethan's primary research interests are situated around the applied use of machine learning, high-performance computing, and remote sensing data for international development and urban science research. He is particularly interested in generating information to improve policy and decision-making in contexts in which data are sparse. Ethan received a B.S. in Physics from the University of Maryland, Baltimore County, and a M.S. in Applied Science from William & Mary.